The Vietnamese word "bản lai" refers to the original or inherent nature of something. It is often used to describe the original meaning of a word or concept before it underwent any changes or adaptations.
In more advanced discussions, "bản lai" can also be used in philosophical contexts, particularly in Buddhism, where it refers to the inherent nature of beings or phenomena, often implying a state of purity or unconditioned existence.
While "bản lai" primarily focuses on the original meaning, it can also be interpreted in contexts where one is discussing the foundational values or characteristics of a person or culture.